Operating Systems: Linux architecture, process management, and task scheduler.
Commands and Utilities: ls, grep, awk, sed, find, tar, ssh.
C/C++: Development of system applications and utilities.
Python: Scripting for automation, using os and subprocess libraries.
Bash: Writing scripts for system management and task automation.
TCP/IP: Configuring network interfaces using ifconfig or ip.
Tools: ping, traceroute, netstat, ss.
Implementing sorting, searching, and data structures (stack, queue) in Python or C++.
Cybersecurity basics, cryptography with OpenSSL, SSH, social engineering.
Pentesting and vulnerability analysis: Metasploit, Wireshark, Nmap, sqlmap.
Reverse Engineering: Ghidra, Radare2, writing exploits.
SQLMap, John the Ripper, Hydra, Nikto, OWASP ZAP, Burp Suite.
Malware development, social engineering, and OSINT, Maltego.
Participating in CTF, engaging in forums, creating projects and portfolios.
Hacker ethics, knowledge of cybersecurity laws.
Keeping up with news, testing new techniques.
Loxs, 403-bypasser, PHPGGC.